The third issue dealt with here, is not an illness but a general research and treatment for the abdomen, laparotomy. A laparotomy is the surgical opening of the abdomen by an incision. When a laparotomy is done for a diagnosis, speak no va proeflaparotomie .Door the advent of other diagnostic tools, such as laparoscopy, the proeflaparotomie do less and less frequently used. A laparotomy is performed not only as a research method, but also as a treatment of a previously undetected abnormality. A laparotomy is a surgery, so can the “normal” problems after an operation expected. Some specific problems after a laparotomy may be:
- Parotitis. After a laparotomy, a patient during certain time given orally (ie by mouth). The salivary glands and particularly the parotid gland are thus insufficient to stimulate saliva production, mainly in the elderly may result in an inflammation of the parotid gland. The result is severe pain with high fever. one can try to prevent the Speek selsecretie regular stiumleren, such as lemon drops or lemon swabs.
- Wound infection. Especially in abdominal surgery where the colon should be opened, can cause infection (through faeces, stools) and it has developed an infection. This is obviously very annoying for a patient. It extends the recording time and the chance wonddehiscentie (the open edges of the wound) and scar fractures is greater. Infection also called an adverse effect on the cosmetic outcome of scar. Many of these infections are now prevented by the operation once for a combination of antibiotics to give. After the operation are not attached but seriously infected wounds left open. This allows the wound flushed and the risk of infection significantly reduced. Also heal wounds in this way are often very beautiful, it will ultimately remain a small scar on onderodet not a scar that was triggered by traditional suturing the wound.
- Paralytic ileus. After abdominal surgery a few days are always the gut paralysis. The two main reasons for this are: manipulation of the intestines and peritoneum during surgery, or present a series of peritonitis before surgery. Usually the paralysis does not have too many problems because it directly measures. The patient has usually been a stomach tube and nothing per os, so that the entire digestive tract rest. After a short time turns back and spontaneous peristalsis, the patient winds to produce or stool. Only then may begin to load the gastrointestinal tract, first with liquid, solid foods later.
- Vomiting. Nausea and vomiting are fairly often after abdominal surgery. A magsonde symptoms can often occur. When to start early with moisture and / or food (before the function of the intestine is returned), this causes an accumulation in the stomach. There may be many liters accumulate in the stomach and the patient will ever smaller amounts of brown fluid vomiting. If not treated, leads to shock.
- Lung problems. Because of the pain using the patient’s abdominal muscles and diaphragm insufficient. The breathing is shallow and therefore patients do not dare to cough up any mucus that plugs the airway closing not cough away. Behind these clots, infections occur that can spread easily over the lung. This has ultimately resulted pneumonia. Prevention is better and the patient receives the following advice:
1. Smoking before and after surgery should be avoided,
2. After surgery, the patient well and sighs not suppress the cough,
3. The patient is in bed already active as possible, for example by pulling on the bedgalg (the parrot).
Tags: gastrointestinal tract, Laparotomy, Paralytic ileus, Vomiting, Wound infection
